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Periodontal pathology is a science or a study of periodontal diseases. Periodontal diseases can affect one or more of the periodontal tissues/structures (e.g. alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum and gingiva). While there are many different periodontal diseases that can affect these tooth-supporting tissues/structures, by far the most common ones are plaque-induced inflammatory conditions, such as gingivitis and periodontitis. Often the term ''periodontal disease'' or ''gum disease'' is used as a synonym for periodontitis, specifically chronic periodontitis. Periodontal disease ranges from the mildest stage, known as gingivitis, to severe stage, known, as periodontitis. 〔Wayne D.B., Trajtenberg C.P., Hyman D.J. (2001). Tooth and periodontal disease: a review for the primary-care physician. ''Southern Medical Journal, 94'' (9), 925-932.〕 While in some sites or individuals, gingivitis never progresses to periodontitis, data indicate that periodontitis is always preceded by gingivitis.〔 ==Diagnosis== In 1976, Page & Schroeder introduced an innovative new analysis of periodontal disease based on histopathologic and ultrastructural features of the diseased gingival tissue. Although this new classification does not correlate with clinical signs and symptoms and is admittedly "somewhat arbitrary," it permits a focus of attention pathologic aspects of the disease that were, until recently, not well understood.〔 This new classification divided plaque-induced periodontal lesions into four stages: # initial lesion # early lesion # established lesion # advanced lesion 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Periodontal pathology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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